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This article is about the Spanish political party. For other uses, see CEDA (disambiguation).
The
Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right (
Spanish:
Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas,
CEDA) was a
Spanish political party in the
Second Spanish Republic. A
Roman Catholic conservative force, it reunited tendencies which ranged from
Christian Democracy to
Fascism. It has also been described as
accidentalist in that it gave no ideological support to
republicanism, but merely accepted it as the constitutional structure of the time - many of its supporters advocated a return to
monarchy.
It was founded on
March 4 1933 by
José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones and bishop
Ángel Herrera Oria, as the union between
Acción Popular and
Acción Católica. Its youth wing,
Juventudes de Acción Popular (JAP), was active in street disturbances with
socialist and
anarchist rivals.
In the 1933 elections, the CEDA won the most seats in the
Cortes. President
Niceto Alcalá Zamora refused to ask its leader, José Maria Gil Robles, to form a government, and instead assigned the task to
Alejandro Lerroux of the
Radical Republican Party. CEDA supported the
centrist government led by Lerroux; it later demanded and, on
October 1 1934, received three ministerial positions. They suspended most of the reforms of the previous
Manuel Azaña government, provoking an armed miners' rebellion in
Asturias on
October 6, and an
autonomist rebellion in
Catalonia - both rebellions were suppressed (Asturias rebellion by young General
Francisco Franco), being followed by mass political arrests and trials.
In elections on
February 16 1936, CEDA lost power to the
left-wing Popular Front. Many of the party's supporters welcomed the military rebellion in the summer of 1936 which led to the
Spanish Civil War, and many of them joined Franco's
National Movement. However, General Franco was determined not to have competing right-wing parties in Spain and, in April 1937, CEDA was dissolved.
It wasn't active throughout the
Franco dictatorship, but its roots led to the establishment of an
Alianza Popular, formed during the
transition period that followed Franco's death. Alianza was to be the basis for the successful
Partido Popular.
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